A Punnett square is a simple grid used to predict the possible genetic outcomes when two organisms reproduce. It maps out every combination of genes that offspring could inherit from their parents, letting you see at a glance what traits are likely and how probable each one is.
The Punnett square is named after Reginald C. Punnett, a British geneticist who developed the method in the early 20th century. Punnett, alongside William Bateson, was a pioneer in the study of Mendelian genetics, and the square remains a foundational tool in genetics education.
Learn what a Punnett square is, how it works, and how to use it to predict genetic traits. Complete guide with examples, diagrams, and step-by-step instructions for students and educators.
Punnett square is a simple square divided into four quadrants which consist of all the possible genotypes of haploid male and female gametes. In order to prepare a Punnett square, it is necessary to know the genetic composition and genotypes of the parents.
Punnett squares were created by English geneticist Reginald Punnett (1875–1967) to show the number and variety of possible genetic combinations in Gregor Mendel’s theory of inheritance.
The Punnett square calculator allows you to estimate the possibility that certain genes will be inherited, and calculate the genotypic and phenotypic ratio of any trait.
Free interactive Punnett square calculator for monohybrid, dihybrid, incomplete dominance, and sex-linked crosses. Beautiful SVG grid with color-coded genotypes, phenotype ratios, and step-by-step genetic analysis.
Practice using a Punnett Square to determine genotype and phenotype probabilities when the genotype of the parents are known.