The Wikipedia entry is rather vague about the formation, with The Great Dividing Range was formed during the Carboniferous period—some 300 million years ago—when Australia collided with what is now parts of South America and New Zealand. The range has experienced significant erosion since.
The recharge areas of the Great Artesian Basin are, according to the Australian Government Department of the Environment is mainly from rainfall on the highlands (near to the western margin of the Great Dividing Range) to the east of the Basin (with some from the western margin), as shown in the image below (from the Dept webpage):
The Wikipedia list, provided by @Buttonwood is only a partial list. For Australia, it only lists the Great Dividing Range. It excludes all the mountain ranges of Tasmania and elsewhere.
Looking at the Andes, the Rocky Mountains, the mountains of Iran, Angola, and Namibia, and the Great Dividing Range, it appears that each subtropical desert tends to end at a mountain range, but not always: the southern Namib climbs half a mile before stretching across half of South Africa, and the Sahara has several highlands.
Sky News Australia: Conservationist shares new aerial footage of renewable energy desolation of Great Dividing Range in Queensland
Conservationist shares new aerial footage of renewable energy desolation of Great Dividing Range in Queensland
What is the tectonic setting for the formation of the Great Dividing ...
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