Rules for handling works by a single author or multiple authors that apply to all APA-style references in your reference list, regardless of the type of work (book, article, electronic resource, etc.)
The authority on APA Style and the 7th edition of the APA Publication Manual. Find tutorials, the APA Style Blog, how to format papers in APA Style, and other resources to help you improve your writing, master APA Style, and learn the conventions of scholarly publishing.
Note: This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October 2019. The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style can be found here.
This workshop provides an overview of APA (American Psychological Association) style and where to find help with different APA resources. It provides an annotated list of links to all of our APA materials and an APA overview.
The above executes the script. When the script is done, any changes that it made to the environment are discarded. . script The above sources the script. It is as if the commands had been typed in directly. Any environment changes are kept. source script This also sources the script. The source command is not required by POSIX and therefore is less portable than the shorter ..
source is a shell keyword that is supposed to be used like this: source file where file contains valid shell commands. These shell commands will be executed in the current shell as if typed from the command line.
Source vs . why different behaviour? - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange